<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><marc:collection xmlns:marc="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <marc:record>
    <marc:leader>00000nam  2200000za 4500</marc:leader>
    <marc:controlfield tag="001">9.833275</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="003">CaOODSP</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="005">20221107150203</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="007">cr |||||||||||</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="008">170302s2017    oncd    ob   f000 0 eng d</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">CaOODSP</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">eng</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">eng</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">fre</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="043" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">n-cn---</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="086" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">FB3-5/2017-9E-PDF</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Akhtaruzzaman, Muhammad.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Expropriation risk and FDI in developing countries </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="h">[electronic resource] : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">does return of capital dominate return on capital? / </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">by M. Akhtaruzzaman, Nathan Berg and Christopher Hajzler.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">[Ottawa] : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">Bank of Canada, </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">2017.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">ii, 57, [12] p. : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">chart</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Bank of Canada staff working paper, </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">1701-9397 ; </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">2017-9</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">"February 2017."</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-45).</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">“Previously reported effects of institutional quality and political risks on foreign direct investment (FDI) are mixed and, therefore, difficult to interpret. We present empirical evidence suggesting a relatively clear, statistically robust, and intuitive characterization. Institutional factors that affect the likelihood of an abrupt and total loss of foreigners’ capital (i.e., return of capital) dominate those that affect rates of return conditional on a strictly positive terminal investment value (i.e., return on capital). A one-standard deviation reduction in expropriation risk is associated with a 72 per cent increase in FDI, which is substantially larger than the effects of any other dimensions of institutional quality simultaneously controlled for in our empirical models of FDI inflows. This evidence is consistent with the predictions of a standard theory of FDI under imperfect contract enforcement. We show in the context of a simple model with endogenous expropriation that, when there is a binding threat of expropriation, foreign investors can become unresponsive to differences in other dimensions of institutions and political risk, and may even reduce optimal investment as these institutions improve"--Abstract, p. ii.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="546" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes abstract in French.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="692" ind1="0" ind2="7">
      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Developing countries</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="692" ind1="0" ind2="7">
      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Foreign investments</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="692" ind1="0" ind2="7">
      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Expropriation</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Berg, Nathan,</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="d">1972-</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Hajzler, Christopher M.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="710" ind1="2" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Bank of Canada.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="830" ind1="#" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Staff working paper (Bank of Canada)</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">1701-9397 ; </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">2017-9</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="w">(CaOODSP)9.806221</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="q">PDF</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="s">733 KB</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="u">https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/banque-bank-canada/FB3-5-2017-9-eng.pdf</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
  </marc:record>
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