Crack-free chromium from conventional plating baths / J.C. Saiddington and G.R. Hoey, Extraction Metallurgy Division.: M38-8/132E-PDF

"The formation of cracks in chromium coatings obtained from conventional baths at the bright plating range of current density and temperature can be reduced or eliminated by employing controlled plating interruptions. The interruptions, to be effective, must a) allow dissipation or cause deactivation of the cathode film and b) be frequent enough to prevent the incremental increases of the deposit thickness associated with the formation of sets of cracks. The technique puts no restriction on i) the type of plating interruptions as long as they meet the above specified conditions, ii) the exact control of their frequency, iii) the concentration of the plating bath, iv) the current density and temperature, v) the thickness of the crack-free coating and vi) the type of the substrate, but requires knowledge of the critical thickness at which formation of cracks begins. Plating interruptions may cause loss of luster; appearance deteriorating as the frequency of interruptions increases. With interruptions suitably chosen, chromium becomes crack-free and remains bright on the microscale; thus is acceptable for buffing"--Abstract, p. 923.

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