Catalysts for hydrocracking and refining heavy oils and tars. Part I, The effect of cobalt to molybdenum ratio on hydrodesulphurization and denitrogenation / : R.J. Williams, R.G. Draper and B.I. Parsons,...: M34-20/187E-PDF

“This report is the first in a series on an investigation of the factors involved in the preparation of effective, low-cost catalysts for the hydrocracking and refining of high-boiling gas-oils and bitumens. Active catalysts of the "cobalt molybdate on alumina" type, containing 3% and 13% combined metal-oxides were prepared by a surface layering technique using a mix-muller. A gradual leveling out, or plateau, of activity for both sulphur and nitrogen removal was observed beginning at, or near, a cobalt to molybdenum atomic ratio of 0.6. The denitrogenation activity of the cobalt molybdate catalysts increased more slowly with the overall concentration of metals than did the desulphurization activity. The effectiveness of the catalysts for sulphur and nitrogen removal was determined with a 650-975°F gas-oil distilled from Athabasca bitumen that had been thermally hydrocracked in a Mines Branch pilot plant. The tests were undertaken at 2000 psi pressure in a bench-scale flow system with bottom feed at a liquid-hourly-space-velocity of 2.0. The results of the study are discussed relative to those observed by others using different methods of catalyst preparation"--Abstract, p. i.

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