<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><marc:collection xmlns:marc="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <marc:record>
    <marc:leader>00000nam  2200000za 4500</marc:leader>
    <marc:controlfield tag="001">9.849833</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="003">CaOODSP</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="005">20241203113641</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="007">cr |||||||||||</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="008">180110s2007    onca|||fotb  f000 0 eng d</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">CaOODSP</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">eng</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">eng</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">fre</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="043" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">n-cn---</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="086" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">En83-9/07-541E-PDF</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="245" ind1="0" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Toxicity of holmium-labelled clay to four benthic invertebrates </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="h">[electronic resource] /   </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">Lee Grapentine ... [et al.]. </marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">[Burlington, Ont.] : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">[Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment Canada], </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">2007.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">iii, 28 p. : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">ill. (some col.)</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">WSTD contribution </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">no. 07-541</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">"4 October 2007".</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Digitized edition from print [produced by Environment and Climate Change Canada].</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes bibliographic references.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">"Montmorillonite clay adsorbed with the rare earth element holmium (Ha-clay) is a new material produced for tracing movements of fine particles in aquatic systems. However, little is known about the toxicity of Ha-clay, and its potential environmental effects. To investigate effects of Ha-clay on aquatic biota, four benthic invertebrate species (Chironomus riparius, Hexagenia spp., Hyalella azteca, Tubifex tubifex) were exposed to Ha-clay alone and mixtures of 10, 25 and 50% Ha-clay with field-collected reference sediment for 10-28 days in standard laboratory toxicity tests. Overall, only the 100% Ha-clay treatment resulted in significantly higher toxicity than the reference sediment. Mean survival at the end of the exposures to 100% Ha-clay was 7, 53, 2 and 100% for Chironomus, Hexagenia, Hyalella and Tubifex, respectively. Exposure to a negative control treatment of 100% clay resulted in minor reductions in growth, but no lethal responses. Highest concentrations of Ho at which no toxicity was observed were 1400 ug/g for sediment and 11 ug/L for water. Potential impacts of Ha-clay released into natural waters would be expected only where Ha-clay persists in sediment at proportions &gt;50% for at least several days"--Abstract, p. ii. </marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="546" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes abstract in French.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="692" ind1="0" ind2="7">
      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Water management</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="692" ind1="0" ind2="7">
      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Water quality</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="692" ind1="0" ind2="7">
      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Sediments</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Grapentine, Lee C. </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="q">(Lee Curtis), </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="d">1961-</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="710" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Canada. </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">Environment Canada.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="710" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Canada. </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">Water Science and Technology Directorate.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="830" ind1="#" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">WSTD contribution ;</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">no. 07-541</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="w">(CaOODSP)9.845900</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="q">PDF</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="s">7.09 MB</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="u">https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2018/eccc/En83-9-07-541-eng.pdf</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
  </marc:record>
</marc:collection>
