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    <marc:controlfield tag="003">CaOODSP</marc:controlfield>
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    <marc:controlfield tag="007">cr |||||||||||</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="008">180312s2017    oncd   fo    f000 0 eng d</marc:controlfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">CaOODSP</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">eng</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">D69-51/2017E-PDF</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Nakashima, Ann.</marc:subfield>
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    <marc:datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Communication in military environments </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="h">[electronic resource] : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">influence of noise, hearing protection and language proficiency / </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">Ann Nakashima, Sharon M. Abel and Ingrid Smith.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">[Ottawa] : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">Defence Research and Development Canada, </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">c2017.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">1 v. : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">col. charts</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">External literature (P) ; </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">DRDC-RDDC-2017-P111</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Published in: Applied Acoustics 131 (2018) 38-44.</marc:subfield>
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    <marc:datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes bibliographic references.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Military training and international operations require different nationalities to communicate in a common language, where there are potential challenges with non-native (L2) speech communication. An experiment of speech communication in military noise was conducted for co-located (face-to-face [F2F]) and distributed (using communication headsets) talker-listener pairs. Half of the twenty-four participants were monolingual English speakers (native group, NA) and the remaining half had obtained English fluency after the age of eight years (nonnative group, NN). Two tests of speech understanding were used: the Modified Rhyme Test (MRT) and the Speech Perception in Noise test (SPIN). In the F2F condition, the participants wore a communication headset (earmuff) with the power off for occluded listening. Three levels of armoured vehicle noise were used, 55, 60 and 65 dBA, for speech-to-noise ratios ranging from −10 to +5 dB. In the radio condition, the pairs were separated by a visual barrier and used the communication headset for the tests in 80 dBA armoured vehicle noise. The results showed that the NN group had difficulty with the SPIN test in the radio and F2F conditions. This result was attributed to the open-response set of the SPIN. Headset occlusion likely contributed to the lower scores for the NN listeners in the F2F condition. There was a main effect of talker for the MRT in the F2F and radio conditions, and for the SPIN in the radio condition, suggesting that foreign accent reduced the intelligibility for both the NA and NN groups. The results were surprising considering the high L2 proficiency of the NN group. Training methods for improving L2 communication in operational settings should be further investigated.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="692" ind1="0" ind2="7">
      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Communications</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Safety equipment</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="2">gccst</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="a">Languages</marc:subfield>
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    <marc:datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Smith, Ingrid.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Abel, Sharon M.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Defence R&amp;D Canada.</marc:subfield>
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    <marc:datafield tag="830" ind1="#" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">External literature (P) (Defence R&amp;D Canada)</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">DRDC-RDDC-2017-P111</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="w">(CaOODSP)9.854437</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="q">PDF</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="s">760 KB</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="u">https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2018/rddc-drdc/D69-51-2017-eng.pdf</marc:subfield>
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