Assessment of natural beaches and culturally-modified clam gardens in the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia / by Terri F. Sutherland [and eight others].: Fs97-6/3335E-PDF

"The clam digger communities of the 'Namgis and Kwicksutaineuk-Ah'kwak'ah'mish First Nations have voiced concerns regarding unusual environmental changes to the intertidal ecology of beach terraces within the Broughton Archipelago and the potential impact to clam abundance and food quality. In order to address these concerns, a multidisciplinary and multicultural team was assembled to investigate possible interactions between First Nation clam gardens and local anthropogenic activities (aquaculture). Aboriginal ecological knowledge was integrated with oceanographic and ecological practices to develop consensus regarding the project perspective and sampling design amongst First Nation leaders, elders, clam digger communities, industry groups (Marine Harvest Inc.) and multiple government agencies. A primary goal was to gain a sophisticated understanding of how to integrate both scientific and aboriginal knowledge, while addressing changes to Broughton Archipelago clam gardens that fuel the local First Nation culture and socio-economic structure. The desired outcomes of this project are to understand the forces that shape and impact the populations of bivalves in the study area with special reference to the potential effects of salmon farms"--Abstract, page ix.

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