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    <marc:controlfield tag="001">9.917110</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="003">CaOODSP</marc:controlfield>
    <marc:controlfield tag="005">20251031142448</marc:controlfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">CaOODSP</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">eng</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="e">rda</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">CaOODSP</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">n-cn-ab</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">M183-2/8852E-PDF</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Reid, M. S., </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="e">author.</marc:subfield>
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    <marc:datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Comparison of water chemistry of hydraulic-fracturing flowback water from two geological locations at the Duvernay Formation, Alberta, Canada / </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">M.S. Reid, X. Wang, N. Utting, and C. Jiang.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1">
      <marc:subfield code="a">[Ottawa] : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">Geological Survey of Canada, </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">2021.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="c">©2021</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">1 online resource (vi, 38 pages) : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">colour illustrations, maps (some colour).</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">text</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">txt</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">computer</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="2">rdamedia</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">online resource</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">cr</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="2">rdacarrier</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Open file, </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">2816-7155 ; </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">8852</marc:subfield>
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    <marc:datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references (pages 30-31).</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">"Chemical characterization of hydraulic fracturing (HF) flowback and produced water (FPW) is important to the environmental sustainability of HF operations. In this work, we analysed and compared HF FPW samples from different well locations as well as FPW samples from a single well over time. The results provide vital information to assess the reusability of flowback water and guide treatment options. Additionally, this work has the potential to provide guidance on best practices for HF fluid additives for future reuse as well as provide a more complete understanding of FPW chemical makeup to guide treatment options. While reuse of FPW is desirable, it is not feasible in many operations. In these scenarios, transportation for offsite treatment or disposal increases the risk of an environmental spill of FPW. This work will provide data to aid clean-up efforts and determination of the environmental fate of FPW contaminants. Overall, this work will provide economic benefits to the oil and gas sector by increasing FPW reuse which decreases wastewater disposal costs and reduces environmental impacts of HF operations by decreasing the volume of used surface water and risk of FPW environmental spills"--Executive summary, page ii.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Groundwater</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="z">Alberta</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Analysis.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Groundwater</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="x">Composition.</marc:subfield>
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    <marc:datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Water chemistry</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="z">Alberta.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
    <marc:datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
      <marc:subfield code="a">Oil wells</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Hydraulic fracturing.</marc:subfield>
    </marc:datafield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Gas wells</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Hydraulic fracturing.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Eau souterraine</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="x">Analyse.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Eau souterraine</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="z">Alberta</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Composition.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Eau</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="z">Alberta.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Pétrole</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Puits</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Fracturation hydraulique.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Gaz naturel</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Puits</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">Fracturation hydraulique.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Geological Survey of Canada, </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="e">issuing body.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Open file (Geological Survey of Canada)</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">8852.</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="w">(CaOODSP)9.506878</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="q">PDF</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="s">3.79 MB</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="u">https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2023/rncan-nrcan/m183-2/M183-2-8852-eng.pdf</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="z">(report)</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="q">HTML</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.4095/329276</marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="z">(complete dataset)</marc:subfield>
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