New water treatment system at the Freshwater Institute : description and performance evaluation after one year of operation (1985/86) / by R. Wagemann, E. Scherer and J. Czwarno.: Fs97-4/1919E-PDF

"A new water system was installed at the Freshwater Institute in 1985 to remove chlorine from the Winnipeg City tap water without the addition of chemicals, and to make the final product water suitable for toxicity and physiological studies involving aquatic organisms. A number of chemical constituents were monitored at various points in the new system on a weekly basis over the first year of operation. Chlorine was monitored daily at four different sampling sites. Its concentration in the final product water was, with few exceptions when operational adjustments took place, at or below target value throughout the year. Some bacterial production of nitrogenous compounds occurred in the system, but the concentration of these constituents was still well below target or anticipated levels. The activated carbon filters approached saturation with regard to dissolved organic constituents after approximately four months of operation. Dissolved copper, and zinc concentrations were reduced consistently and manganese less consistently by the system below target or anticipated levels in the final product water. The system did not consistently reduce dissolved iron or aluminium to desired levels"--Abstract, page iv.

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