Freshwater cage aquaculture : ecosystems impacts from dissolved and particulate waste phosphorus / Megan K. Otu, Dominique P. Bureau, Cheryl L. Podemski. : Fs70-5/2017-059E-PDF

“Open net-pen finfish aquaculture operations in freshwaters release waste directly into aquatic environments. These wastes contain phosphorus (P) in the form of particulate P (e.g., faeces and uneaten feed) or dissolved P (e.g., soluble P released from feed, faeces, and metabolic excretions of the fish). Phosphorus is the nutrient most often limiting primary production (i.e., photosynthetic rates and biomass) in freshwater and, thus, anthropogenic additions of P raise concerns for potential impacts on lake productivity. Assessing and mitigating the adverse effects of P loading is critical to proper management of freshwater resources. This Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) review does not constitute a formal risk assessment of P inputs from cage aquaculture operations in Canadian freshwaters, but instead, synthesizes the current state of science with regards to two key components necessary to understanding the potential for effects of P waste from aquaculture: the estimated P loads per tonne of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) produced and the lake response to such P loads"--Abstract, p. iv.

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