A summary report on biological sediment guidelines for the Laurenian Great Lakes / T.B. Reynoldson, K.E. Day and T. Pascoe. : En13-5/97-134E-PDF

"Almost all the Great Lakes Areas of Concern have documented sediment contamination.However these designations are ofien based on relatively few chemical measurements. Little systematic data are available on the concentrations of contaminants in many of the Areas of Concern and there is far less information on direct impactss of sediment associated contaminants on biota. Current sediment guidelines are based on the comparison of chemical concentrations at a site to those which have been established as representing a perceived safe concentration on a chemical by chemical basis. However, the chemical approach has been criticized in recent years because it frequently fails to achieve its objectives or because it is so excessively rigorous that it has limited value. As an alternative, the National Water Research Institute and Ontario Region of Environment Canada have developed an approach using biological sediment guidelines. ... The biological sediment guidelines incorporate (a) the structure of benthic invertebratecommunities by using predictive models that relate site habitat attributes to an expectedcommunity, and (b) functional responses (survival, growth and reproduction) in four sediment toxicity tests (bioassays) with benthic invertebrates using ten test endpoints"--Management perspective.

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