The poverty gap in Canada / by Hans Messinger, Frank Fedyk, Allen Zeesman. : EC22-370/1987E-PDF

"The poverty gap in Canada in 1985 is estimated at $6.4 billion. This represents an aggregate of the income inadequacies of the poor population. The income shortfalls of families and individuals are measured against a set of poverty lines, which for the purpose of this paper are the Low-Income Cut-off Lines, (LICO's) published by statistics Canada. Although the LICO's are widely used and accepted as poverty lines, they are in fact not official poverty lines. It should be noted however, that with exception of the united States, no other major industrialized nation has official poverty lines. It should be further noted, that there are a number of unofficial poverty lines that have been developed in Canada which are briefly described in Appendix III"--Introduction, page [1].

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