COSEWIC assessment and status report on the eastern hog-nosed snake Heterodon platirhinos in Canada. : CW69-14/537-2021E-PDF

"This large, mobile snake has a patchy distribution in southern and south-central Ontario, where it relies on habitats with sandy soils for oviposition and hibernation, and feeds mainly on toads. The population faces a suspected continuing decline in abundance, based on ongoing threats. These include road traffic mortality, road construction and expansion, urban expansion, agricultural intensification, introduced and abnormally abundant predators, and persecution. Based on recent extirpation of five subpopulations, there appear to be significant range contractions in landscapes highly modified by agriculture and urbanization in the south, as well as in more intact landscapes in the northeast, including protected areas. The magnitude of decline is uncertain because this species is more challenging to monitor than other, similarly sized snakes. However, declines are suspected to exceed 30% over the next 20 years"--Reason for designation, page iii.

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