The relative earnings of individuals in designated visible minority categories in Canada across four workplace sectors / by Theresa Qiu and Grant Schellenberg. : CS36-28-0001/2022-2-5E-PDF

"Using data from the 2016 Census and administrative sources, this study estimates the differences in weekly earnings received by workers in designated visible minority and White categories, as defined by the Employment Equity Act, employed in four broad sectors of the Canadian workforce. Of central interest is whether differences in weekly earnings between these categories were larger in small and medium commercial enterprises than they were in large commercial enterprises and in organizations and enterprises in the non-commercial sector. In the small commercial firm sector, the weekly earnings of men in seven of the nine designated visible minority categories were significantly lower than those of White men, net of sociodemographic and employment characteristics. In the medium commercial firm sector, weekly earnings of men in five of the nine categories were significantly lower than that of White men, while in the large commercial firm sector, weekly earnings were lower in four of the nine categories. In all instances, the magnitude of the difference was largest among Black men. Among women, significantly lower weekly earnings relative to White women were consistently observed only among Black women. In the non-commercial sector, the weekly earnings of men and women in designated visible minority categories were either higher than, or not significantly different from, those of White men and women"--Abstract, page 1.

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