From adaptability to vulnerability : changes in admission criteria and refugee participation in social assistance / by Lisa Kaida, Max Stick and Feng Hou. : CS36-28-0001/2022-3-2E-PDF

"The 2002 Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) replaced the Immigration Act, 1976 as the primary legislation guiding immigration in Canada. It marked a major policy shift-from an emphasis on adaptability to vulnerability-in the admission of resettled refugees. Prior to the IRPA, those awarded refugee status had to demonstrate their capacity for economic independence in Canada. This would normally be within a year after arrival and would consider age, educational attainment, skills, presence of family members and other factors. The IRPA significantly altered Canada's refugee priorities by committing to admission on humanitarian grounds and prioritizing those in need of protection"--Page 1.

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