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      <marc:subfield code="a">Gourinchas, Pierre-Olivier, </marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">SME failures under large liquidity shocks : </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="b">an application to the COVID-19 crisis / </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="c">by Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas, Şebnem Kalemli-Özcan, Veronika Penciakova and Nick Sander.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">[Ottawa] : </marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="c">2023.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Staff working paper = Document de travail du personnel, </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="x">1701-9397 ; </marc:subfield>
      <marc:subfield code="v">2023-32</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">"Last updated: June 9, 2023."</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">"We study the effects of financial frictions on firm exit when firms face large liquidity shocks. We develop a simple model of firm cost-minimization that introduces a financial friction that limits firms’ borrowing capacity to smooth temporary shocks to liquidity. In this framework, firm exit arises from the interaction between this financial friction and fluctuations in cash flow due to aggregate and sectoral changes in demand conditions, as well as more traditional shocks to productivity. To evaluate the implications of our model, we use firm-level data on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in 11 European countries"--Abstract.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Includes abstract in French.</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-2023</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Small business</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Pandémie de COVID-19, 2020-2023</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Petites et moyennes entreprises</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="a">Staff working paper (Bank of Canada)</marc:subfield>
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      <marc:subfield code="u">https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2023/banque-bank-canada/FB3-5-2023-32-eng.pdf</marc:subfield>
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