Canadian Beaufort Sea - marine ecosystem assessment (CBS-MEA) report on the physical system - 2019 / by Ryan Galley, Andrea Niemi, Jane Eert, Andrew Majewski, and William Williams. : Fs97-18/364E-PDF

"Rapid changes in the physical system of Canada's western marine Arctic will affect ecosystem functions. The Canadian Beaufort Sea – Marine Environmental Assessment (CBS-MEA, 2017-present) provides comprehensive ecosystem knowledge of offshore waters, supporting co-management and community priorities. CBS-MEA complements community, coastal efforts that support detection and explanation of ecosystem-level variability and change. Key components of the physical system in 2019 are presented, providing the annual environmental context for CBS-MEA and other studies in the region. The ship-based Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) data collected in August and September 2019 reveal physical oceanographic characteristics in the region at that time and are summarized herein with profiles of temperature, salinity, potential density, and N², temperature-salinity plots, and temperature and salinity sections. The freshwater and ocean heat content of the surface layer have also been derived for the 59 CBS-MEA stations sampled in 2019. Anomalously warm air temperatures coupled with export-friendly winds over the region reduced regional sea ice concentration much earlier than normal, resulting in positively anomalous solar radiation incident on the open ocean in March-October, resulting in ocean heat content at the end of summer in the CTD data. Regional summer sea ice coverage was anomalously low, and freeze up was delayed in 2019"--Abstract, page viii.

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