COSEWIC assessment and status report on the gray-cheeked thrush minimus subspecies, Catharus minimus minimus, in Canada. : CW69-14/834-2024E-PDF

"This songbird subspecies breeds only in dense montane forests of the Newfoundland archipelago and south coastal Labrador, with small numbers on coastal islands of Nova Scotia and on the French islands of Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. This bird likely winters in forests of northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. It differs genetically, in colour, and in song from the larger northern subspecies that is widespread across boreal Canada. Once abundant across the island of Newfoundland, it is now largely restricted to high-elevation habitats and some coastal islands. This is primarily due to nest depredation by a squirrel species introduced to Newfoundland in 1963. Overall numbers of the subspecies are conservatively estimated to have declined by 26.7-30.4% over the past 10 years, with declines likely to continue into the future. Other low-level threats include ecosystem changes related to introduced herbivores and control of insect outbreaks, energy development, mining, and effects of agriculture and logging on wintering habitat"--Reason for designation, page iii.

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