Harbour seal (Phoca vitulina vitulina) haulout behaviour and correction factors for aerial surveys conducted in Atlantic Canada from 2019 to 2021 / Alymuhammad I. Irani, Xavier Bordeleau, Charmain D. Hamilton,... : Fs70-5/2024-048E-PDF

"Aerial surveys were conducted between 2019-2021 to estimate the abundance and distribution of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina vitulina) throughout Atlantic Canada: coastlines of the St. Lawrence Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, the Bay of Fundy, southwest Nova Scotia, Eastern Shore and Cape Breton, as well as the Newfoundland and Labrador Shelves. These surveys were conducted in favourable conditions, during the pupping period of harbour seals, except in some areas of Newfoundland and Labrador Shelves where the survey was conducted during the moulting period. To account for animals not available to be counted during aerial surveys (i.e., at sea), haulout correction factors were calculated from: 1) data collected via satellite telemetry deployments on harbour seals in the St. Lawrence Estuary; and 2) published literature values"--Abstract, page iv.

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