Traffic-related air pollution : a systematic review-based human health risk assessment of mortality. : H144-130/2025E-PDF

"Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is the contribution of on-road vehicles to air pollution. It is a mixture of vehicle exhausts, secondary air pollutants formed in the atmosphere from vehicle emissions, evaporative emissions from vehicles, and other non-combustion emissions (e.g., road dust, brake wear, and tire wear). TRAP is of particular concern in urban areas and near highways, where concentrations are the most elevated. Health Canada has estimated that approximately 4 out of 10 Canadians live within 250 m of a high-traffic roadway and that TRAP is responsible for 1,200 premature deaths per year in Canada, which has an estimated annual monetized value of $9 billion (CAD 2015) for this health outcome alone (Health Canada, 2022a, b)"--Executive summary, page 1

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