Standardized procedure for silt (63-10, 10-6, 6-2 µm) and clay (2-0.6, 0.6-0.2, < 0.2 µm) separations for mineral characterization and geochronology / L. Nania, J.W. Powell, A. Grenier, I. Bilot, and J.B.... : M183-2/9281E-PDF

"When dealing with clay-rich samples, separating and identifying authigenic from detrital minerals into distinct subsamples are crucial steps in elucidating geological parameters for tectonic, economic and geochronological studies. The following report outlines a clay separation procedure employed at the Geological Survey of Canada to isolate authigenic and detrital minerals into different silt and clay fractions, quantifying non-clay minerals in the separated samples, and estimating the crystallinity index of clay minerals. The grain size of the fractions obtained using this procedure are examined using a laser particle size analyzer, while the identification of their mineralogical composition is achieved using X-ray diffraction analysis. This protocol provides guidelines for clay sample preparation before chemical and geochronological analyses to determine geological processes such as: diagenesis, weathering, faulting (fault slip and fluid circulation), and host-rock alteration associated with mineralization"--Abstract, page i.

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