The significance of buried valleys to groundwater systems in the Oak Ridges Moraine region, Ontario : extent, architecture, sedimentary facies and origin of valley settings in the ORM region / D.R. Sharpe,... : M183-2/6980E-PDF

"The fieldtrip traverses the glaciated landscape of southeastern Ontario from the Niagara Escarpment to the Ottawa Valley. The focus of the trip is on the glacial geology of a continental basin and tunnel valleys hosted within the glacial stratigraphy of the Oak Ridges Moraine region. Using digital elevation models, and detailed geological mapping, a system of anabraching valleys has been classified on the basis of length, width and depth. The valleys have been traced beneath the Oak Ridges Moraine using high-quality shallow reflection seismic and continuous borehole data. The trip presents a suite of subsurface data with outcrop sedimentology in support of meltwater process models and depositional environments. Process models are considered to relate to regional subglacial landscapes and are used to explain the origin of regional unconformities and the formation of tunnel valleys. Depositional process models, such as the jet-efflux model, will be discussed to interpret key sedimentary facies and evidence for hydraulic jumps where rapid flow meets standing bodies of water. …"--Abstract, page 7.

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