Some aspects of oceanographic conditions in the Gulf of St. Lawrence from autumn 1956 to spring 1957 / L.M. Lauzier. : Fs97-27/9E-PDF

"For the second consecutive winter, oceanographic observations were carried out in the Gulf of St. Lawrence in February-March, 1957, on H.M.C.S. "Labrador". During the first survey, in 1956, the ice coverage was light with young and very young ice of an average thickness of less than twelve inches. From meteorological and oceanographic conditions in the autumn 1956, it was expected that the formation of ice in 1957 would be much more extensive throughout the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The purpose of the survey was to observe, under conditions different from those prevailing in 1956: (a) the horizontal and vertical distribution of temperature and salinity throughout the Gulf, (b) the nature and extent of ice cover, and (c) the disposition and volume transport of the Gaspe Current and Cape Breton Current. Observations in winter are necessary to understand the process of formation of the cold-water layer that remains over the deep channels throughout the following summer and to determine what proportion of this cold-water layer is formed "in situ" or comes from outside the Gulf. A knowledge of winter conditions coupled with that of previous autumn and following spring, is related to the study of the heat budget of the Gulf, and an understanding of the problems of winter ice, as well as the formation of the cold-water layer"--Introduction, pages [1]-2.

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