Gender differences in employment one year into the COVID-19 pandemic : an analysis by industrial sector and firm size / by Douwere Grekou and Yuqian Lu.: CS36-28-0001/2021-5-5E-PDF

"This study describes patterns in employment by gender in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic. It relies on data from the Labour Force Survey and proposes a year-over-year approach that compares monthly employment numbers from March 2020 to February 2021 with numbers in the same months of the previous year. The analysis shows that women tended to be more affected by the COVID-19 pandemic than their male counterparts. On average over the study period, women accounted for 53.7% of the year-over-year employment losses. The differences by gender were disproportionately driven by employment changes in the services sector. For example, of the 2.7 million employment losses in April 2020 relative to April 2019, 75.6% (over 2 million) were in the services sector. The study then explores the role of firm size to find that, within the services sector, employment losses among small firms were disproportionately high and that female employees in small firms were more severely hit than were their male counterparts. Hence, women employed in small firms represented 23.6% of pre-COVID-19 total employment but accounted for 37.9% of the year-over-year decline in employment, while their male counterparts represented 21.9% and 23.6%, respectively"--Abstract, page 1.

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